What Are Hair Extensions?
Hair extensions are sections of human or synthetic hair that are integrated into a person’s natural hair to add length, volume, or change the color and style. Hair extensions come in several different types, including:
- Clip-in extensions: Wefts of hair with small clips attached that can be easily clipped in and out of natural hair. These are the least permanent option.
- Tape-in extensions: Pre-taped wefts that are sandwiched between small sections of the natural hair and sealed together using a special adhesive. These last 6-8 weeks.
- Sew-in extensions: Wefts of hair that are braided into cornrows made from the natural hair and then sewn in place. These are very secure and can last 6-8 weeks.
- Micro-link extensions: Small bundles of hair that are looped through natural hair and clamped in place with metal beads or rings. These are meant to last 3-4 months.
- Fusion extensions: Individual keratin-tipped strands that are fused to natural hair using heat. These offer the most seamless look and can last 3-4 months.
The type of hair extensions a person chooses depends on their desired look, lifestyle, budget, and the condition of their natural hair. Extensions can be made from human hair or synthetic fibers. Human hair extensions are the most popular because they look and feel the most natural, are very versatile, and can be heat styled.
Can You Shampoo Hair Extensions?
Yes, you can and should shampoo hair extensions regularly to keep them clean and healthy. However, the technique and products used are different than shampooing natural hair alone.
Hair extensions do not receive the natural oils produced by the scalp, so they are more prone to dryness and damage. They are also attached to the natural hair using adhesives, tapes, sewing thread, or clamps which can be weakened by harsh cleansing.
Most hair extension experts recommend using a sulfate-free, moisturizing, and color-safe shampoo specifically formulated for extensions. These shampoos gently cleanse without stripping away moisture.
It’s also important to be very gentle when shampooing to avoid tangling the hair or loosening the bonds. The extensions should be washed in a downward motion, without rubbing or bunching up the hair.
Washing frequency depends on the type of extensions and a person’s lifestyle, but in general, extensions should be shampooed every 1-2 weeks or as needed based on product buildup. Overwashing can dry out the hair.
How Do You Choose the Right Shampoo for Hair Extensions?
Choosing the right shampoo is crucial for keeping hair extensions clean, healthy, and long-lasting. Here are the key factors to consider when selecting a shampoo for extensions:
Sulfate-Free Formula
Sulfates are harsh cleansing agents commonly found in shampoos that create a rich lather. While great for removing oil and buildup, sulfates can strip too much moisture from the hair, leading to dryness, frizz, and fading color.
Hair extensions are especially vulnerable to the drying effects of sulfates since they don’t receive the scalp’s natural oils. A sulfate-free shampoo will gently cleanse the hair without stripping away moisture.
Look for shampoos that use mild surfactants like decyl glucoside, cocamidopropyl betaine, or sodium cocoyl isethionate instead of sulfates like sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium laureth sulfate.
Moisturizing Ingredients
In addition to being sulfate-free, the ideal shampoo for extensions will contain nourishing and moisturizing ingredients to keep the hair soft, smooth, and healthy-looking.
Some beneficial ingredients to look for include:
| Ingredient | Benefits |
|---|---|
| Coconut oil | Penetrates hair shaft to deeply hydrate and reduce protein loss |
| Shea butter | Moisturizes and smooths hair cuticle to improve softness and shine |
| Argan oil | Rich in vitamin E and fatty acids to nourish and protect hair |
| Panthenol | Humectant that attracts moisture and prevents dehydration |
| Hydrolyzed silk protein | Strengthens and improves hair’s resilience and elasticity |
A shampoo with a combination of these conditioning ingredients will help replenish the moisture that extensions can lack and keep them looking lustrous.
Color-Safe Formula
For hair extensions that have been dyed, it’s important to use a shampoo that is specifically formulated for color-treated hair. These shampoos are designed to be gentle and help preserve color vibrancy.
Color-safe shampoos often contain ingredients like antioxidants and UV filters that protect hair from environmental stressors that can fade color. They may also have a lower pH level that keeps the hair cuticle sealed to prevent color molecules from escaping.
Lightweight Consistency
Heavy, thick shampoos can weigh down extensions and make them look greasy or limp, especially if the hair is fine or thin. It’s best to choose a shampoo with a lightweight consistency that won’t leave behind any heavy residues.
Volumizing or balancing shampoos tend to have lighter formulas that won’t overwhelm the hair. Steer clear of shampoos with silicones or heavy oils that are meant for very thick, coarse, or curly hair types.
Extension-Specific Formula
For the best results, consider using a shampoo that is specifically designed for hair extensions. These formulas take into account the unique needs of extensions and contain optimal ingredients for keeping them in top shape.
Some professional extension brands like Great Lengths, Hotheads, and Bellami offer their own line of extension care products that are formulated to work with their hair.
When in doubt, consult with a hair extension specialist for personalized product recommendations based on the type of extensions and hair.
What Is the Proper Technique for Shampooing Hair Extensions?
Shampooing hair extensions properly involves using a specific technique to prevent tangles, matting, and damage to the bonds. Here is a step-by-step guide for cleansing extensions:
Pre-Shampoo Prep
Before getting the hair wet, gently brush through the extensions with a soft bristle brush or wide tooth comb to remove any tangles. Work in small sections, starting from the ends and moving up to the roots.
If the extensions are very tangled or matted, apply a lightweight leave-in conditioner or detangling spray to lubricate the hair and make brushing easier. This will help prevent breakage and shedding.
Wet the Hair Thoroughly
Once the extensions are tangle-free, wet the hair thoroughly with lukewarm water. Avoid using hot water, as this can loosen tape or keratin bonds and cause the extensions to slip out prematurely.
Make sure the water is evenly saturating the hair from root to tip. If washing in the shower, tilt the head back and let the water run over the hair rather than flipping the head upside down, which can cause tangling.
Apply Shampoo
Dispense a small amount of extension-friendly shampoo into the palm of the hand and rub hands together to emulsify. Gently massage the shampoo into the hair, starting at the roots and working down to the ends.
Focus on cleansing the scalp and root area where natural oils and product buildup tend to accumulate. Avoid rubbing or bunching up the hair, as this can cause tangling and matting. Use light, downward strokes to work the shampoo through the lengths of the hair.
Be extra careful around the attachment points of the extensions, whether they are tapes, bonds, or beads. Avoid applying shampoo directly to these areas, as this can weaken the adhesives over time.
Rinse Thoroughly
Rinse the shampoo out of the hair thoroughly using lukewarm water. Make sure all of the suds are removed, as leftover shampoo can leave the hair feeling dry or sticky.
If necessary, repeat the shampooing process a second time to ensure the hair is completely clean. Once the water runs clear and the hair feels squeaky clean, the shampoo has been fully rinsed out.
Squeeze Out Excess Water
After rinsing, gently squeeze the excess water out of the hair using hands. Avoid rubbing the hair with a towel, as this can rough up the hair cuticle and cause frizz and tangles.
If desired, apply a lightweight microfiber towel or cotton t-shirt to the hair to absorb excess moisture without creating friction. Blot the hair gently rather than rubbing or wringing it out.
Comb Through Damp Hair
Once the excess water has been removed, use a wide tooth comb to gently detangle the damp hair and ensure there are no knots. Work in small sections, starting from the ends and slowly working up to the roots.
If the hair is very long or thick, it may be helpful to apply a small amount of leave-in conditioner or detangling spray to lubricate the hair and prevent breakage while combing. Be extra gentle around the bonds or attachment points.
By following these steps, hair extensions can be shampooed safely and effectively to keep them clean, healthy, and long-lasting. Remember to always handle the hair gently and use extension-appropriate products for the best results.
How Should You Condition Hair Extensions?
Conditioning is a crucial step in maintaining the health and longevity of hair extensions. Since extensions don’t receive the natural oils produced by the scalp, they require extra moisture and nourishment to stay soft, smooth, and tangle-free. Here are some tips for properly conditioning hair extensions:
Use a Moisturizing Conditioner
Choose a conditioner that is specifically formulated for dry, damaged, or color-treated hair. These formulas tend to be more moisturizing and nourishing than regular conditioners.
Look for conditioners that contain hydrating ingredients like shea butter, coconut oil, argan oil, or silk proteins. These ingredients help to smooth and soften the hair cuticle, making the extensions more manageable and less prone to tangling.
Avoid conditioners with heavy silicones or waxes, as these can weigh down the hair and make it look greasy or limp over time. Stick to lightweight, water-based formulas that won’t leave behind any residue.
Focus on the Midshaft and Ends
When applying conditioner, focus mainly on the midshaft and ends of the extensions, as these areas are the most prone to dryness and damage. Avoid applying conditioner directly to the roots or bonds, as this can cause the extensions to slip or loosen prematurely.
Use a wide tooth comb or fingers to gently distribute the conditioner evenly through the lengths of the hair. Make sure each strand is coated from midshaft to ends for optimal hydration.
Let the Conditioner Sit
After applying conditioner, let it sit on the hair for at least 3-5 minutes to allow the ingredients to penetrate the hair shaft and work their magic. For extra deep conditioning, cover the hair with a plastic cap or towel to trap in heat and moisture.
If the extensions are particularly dry or damaged, consider using a deep conditioning mask or treatment once a week in place of regular conditioner. These intensive formulas provide an extra boost of moisture and nourishment to help restore softness and shine.
Rinse Thoroughly
Rinse the conditioner out of the hair thoroughly using cool or lukewarm water. Make sure all of the product is removed, as leftover conditioner can leave the hair feeling heavy or greasy.
Gently squeeze the excess water out of the hair using hands or a microfiber towel. Avoid rubbing or wringing the hair, as this can cause tangles and damage.
Use Leave-In Conditioner
After washing and conditioning, apply a small amount of leave-in conditioner or detangling spray to the damp hair. This will provide an extra layer of moisture and protection, making the extensions easier to comb through and style.
Choose a lightweight, alcohol-free formula that won’t weigh down the hair or cause buildup over time. Apply the product sparingly, focusing on the midshaft and ends of the hair.
Deep Condition Regularly
In addition to regular conditioning, it’s important to deep condition the extensions every 1-2 weeks to keep them in optimal condition. Use a rich, moisturizing mask or treatment designed for dry or damaged hair.
Apply the deep conditioner generously from midshaft to ends, making sure each strand is fully coated. Cover the hair with a plastic cap or towel and let the product sit for at least 20-30 minutes, or overnight for extra hydration.
Rinse the deep conditioner out thoroughly using cool or lukewarm water, then follow up with a lightweight leave-in conditioner or detangling spray.
By following these conditioning tips, hair extensions will stay soft, smooth, and healthy-looking for longer. Remember to use high-quality, extension-friendly products and handle the hair gently to prevent damage and tangling.
What Are the Best Practices for Drying Hair Extensions?
Proper drying techniques are essential for maintaining the health and longevity of hair extensions. Rough or improper drying can lead to tangles, matting, and damage over time. Here are some best practices for drying extensions safely and effectively:
Use a Microfiber Towel
After washing, use a microfiber towel to gently blot the excess water out of the hair. Microfiber towels are much gentler on the hair than regular cotton towels, which can rough up the cuticle and cause frizz and tangles.
Wrap the microfiber towel around the hair and gently squeeze to absorb the excess moisture. Avoid rubbing or twisting the hair, as this can cause damage and breakage.
Once the hair is no longer dripping wet, remove the towel and allow the hair to finish air drying naturally. If desired, use a wide tooth comb to gently detangle the hair and distribute any leave-in products evenly.
Air Dry When Possible
Whenever possible, allow hair extensions to air dry naturally rather than using heat styling tools. Heat can be very damaging to extensions, causing them to become dry, brittle, and prone to breakage over time.
After washing and conditioning, gently squeeze the excess water out of the hair using hands or a microfiber towel. Avoid rubbing or wringing the hair, as this can cause tangles and damage.
If desired, apply a small amount of leave-in conditioner or detangling spray to the damp hair to help smooth and protect it while drying. Use a wide tooth comb to gently detangle the hair and distribute the product evenly.
Allow the hair to air dry naturally, either by hanging it over a towel or laying it flat on a clean surface. Avoid using clips or elastics to secure the hair while drying, as these can leave dents or creases in the extensions.
Use a Low Heat Setting
If using a blow dryer is necessary, always use the lowest heat setting possible to minimize damage to the extensions. High heat can be very drying and damaging to the hair, causing it to become brittle and prone to breakage over time.
Before blow drying, apply a heat protectant spray or serum to the damp hair to help shield it from thermal damage. Choose a lightweight, alcohol-free formula that won’t weigh down the hair or cause buildup over time.
Use a wide tooth comb or brush to gently detangle the hair and distribute the heat protectant evenly. Avoid using metal brushes or combs, as these can get very hot and cause damage to the hair.
Hold the blow dryer at least 6 inches away from the hair and use a diffuser attachment to help distribute the heat evenly. Move the dryer constantly to avoid overheating any one area of the hair.
Focus on drying the roots and midshaft of the hair first, as these areas tend to hold onto moisture longer than the ends. Once the roots and midshaft are mostly dry, move on to the ends of the hair, using a lower heat setting if possible.
Avoid Sleeping with Wet Hair
Never go to bed with wet or damp hair extensions, as this can cause them to tangle, mat, and become damaged overnight. Sleeping on wet hair can also cause mold and bacteria to grow, leading to scalp irritation and bad odors.
If washing hair extensions at night, make sure to allow plenty of time for them to air dry completely before going to bed. If necessary, use a blow dryer on a low heat setting to speed up the drying process.
Once the hair is completely dry, braid it loosely or secure it in a low, loose ponytail before bed to prevent tangling and matting overnight. Use a silk or satin pillowcase or bonnet to help reduce friction and frizz while sleeping.
By following these drying best practices, hair extensions will stay healthy, smooth, and tangle-free for longer. Remember to always handle the hair gently and use heat sparingly to prevent damage.
What Other Care Tips Should You Follow for Hair Extensions?
In addition to proper washing, conditioning, and drying techniques, there are several other important care tips to follow to keep hair extensions looking their best:
Brush Gently and Regularly
Brushing is one of the most important steps in maintaining hair extensions. Regular brushing helps to distribute the natural oils from the scalp throughout the hair, keeping it soft and shiny. It also helps to prevent tangles and matting.
When brushing extensions, always use a soft bristle brush or wide tooth comb specifically designed for extensions. Start at the ends of the hair and work up towards the roots, gently detangling any knots along the way.
Be extra careful when brushing near the attachment points, whether they are tapes, bonds, or beads. Avoid tugging or pulling on the hair, as this can cause the extensions to slip or come out prematurely.
Brush extensions at least twice a day – once in the morning and once before bed. If the hair becomes tangled throughout the day, gently brush it out as needed to prevent matting.
Protect Hair While Sleeping
Sleeping on hair extensions can cause them to tangle, mat, and become damaged if proper precautions aren’t taken. To protect extensions overnight, braid the hair loosely or secure it in a low, loose ponytail before bed.
Use a silk or satin pillowcase or bonnet to help reduce friction and frizz while sleeping. These smooth fabrics allow the hair to glide easily over the surface, rather than getting caught and tangled like it would on a cotton pillowcase.
If the hair is particularly long or thick, consider sleeping with it in a high, loose bun secured with a soft scrunchie. This will help keep the hair contained and prevent it from getting tangled or matted overnight.
Avoid Heat Styling
While it’s okay to occasionally use heat styling tools on extensions, it’s best to avoid them as much as possible to prevent damage. High heat from blow dryers, flat irons, and curling wands can cause the hair to become dry, brittle, and prone to breakage over time.
If heat styling is necessary, always use the lowest heat setting possible and apply a heat protectant product to the hair first. Choose a lightweight, alcohol-free formula that won’t weigh down the hair or cause buildup.
When using a flat iron or curling wand, work in small sections and avoid going over the same area multiple times. Hold the tool slightly away from the roots to avoid damaging the attachment points.
After heat styling, apply a small amount of hair oil or serum to the ends of the hair to help replenish moisture and add shine. Choose a lightweight, non-greasy formula that won’t weigh down the hair.
Limit Chemical Treatments
Chemical treatments like coloring, perming, and relaxing can be very damaging to hair extensions. These processes can cause the hair to become dry, brittle, and prone to breakage over time.
If coloring extensions, it’s best to have it done professionally by a stylist who is experienced in working with extensions. They will be able to choose the gentlest formulas and techniques to minimize damage to the hair.
Avoid perming or relaxing extensions, as these treatments are too harsh and can cause irreversible damage to the hair. If a different texture is desired, consider trying a different type of extension hair rather than chemically altering the current set.
Protect Hair from the Elements
Just like natural hair, extensions can be damaged by exposure to the sun, wind, chlorine, and saltwater. To protect extensions from the elements, take the following precautions:
- Wear a hat or scarf when spending extended periods of time outdoors in the sun or wind.
- Apply a UV protectant spray to the hair before going outside to help shield it from the sun’s damaging rays.
- Rinse extensions with fresh water immediately after swimming in a pool or the ocean to remove any chlorine or salt buildup.
- Use a deep conditioning treatment or hair mask once a week to help replenish moisture and keep the hair healthy.
Get Regular Maintenance
To keep extensions looking their best, it’s important to get regular maintenance from a professional stylist. Depending on the type of extensions and individual wear and tear, maintenance appointments should be scheduled every 6-8 weeks.
During these appointments, the stylist will check the integrity of the bonds or tapes, re-apply any that have come loose, and trim any split ends or damaged hair. They may also perform a deep conditioning treatment to help keep the hair healthy and hydrated.
Between maintenance appointments, be sure to keep an eye on the extensions and contact the stylist if any issues arise, such as excessive shedding or slippage. Catching problems early can help prevent further damage and extend the life of the extensions.
Are there shampoos I should avoid using on my hair extensions?
Yes, there are certain shampoos and ingredients you should avoid using on your hair extensions to prevent damage and keep them looking their best.
Shampoos to Avoid on Hair Extensions
- Shampoos with Sulfates: Sulfates like sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) are harsh cleansing agents that create a rich lather. While effective at removing oil and buildup, sulfates can strip too much moisture from the hair, leading to dryness, frizz, and color fading. Hair extensions are especially vulnerable since they don’t receive the scalp’s natural oils. Look for sulfate-free formulas that use gentler surfactants.
- Shampoos with Drying Alcohols: Some alcohols like ethanol, SD alcohol 40, propanol, propyl, and isopropyl alcohol can be very drying and damaging to extensions. These are often found in volumizing shampoos. Avoid any shampoos that list these alcohols high up in the ingredients list. Fatty alcohols like cetyl, stearyl, and cetearyl alcohol are okay as they have conditioning properties.
- Shampoos with Heavy Silicones: While silicones like dimethicone can make the hair feel smooth initially, they can build up on the hair over time, weighing it down and making it appear dull and greasy. Since extensions can’t be clarified as often as natural hair, it’s best to minimize silicone usage. Look for water-soluble silicones or silicone-free shampoos.
- Shampoos with Parabens: Parabens are preservatives used to extend shelf life and prevent bacterial growth. However, they can irritate the scalp and are potentially linked to health concerns. Many brands now offer paraben-free shampoos that are a safer choice for extensions and natural hair.
Instead, opt for shampoos that are specifically formulated for extensions or for color-treated hair. These tend to be sulfate-free, alcohol-free, and have a gentler, more moisturizing formula to keep extensions healthy and long-lasting.
